Biography
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (Russian: Михаи́л Серге́евич Горбачёв; 2 March 1931 - 30 August 2022) was a Russian and former Soviet politician. The eighth and last leader of the Soviet Union, he was the general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991. He was also the country's head of state from 1988 until 1991, serving as the chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1988 to 1989, chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 1989 to 1990, and president of the Soviet Union from 1990 to 1991. Ideologically, he initially adhered to Marxism–Leninism although by the early 1990s had moved toward social democracy.
Awards & recognition
- honorary citizen of Košice · 2018
- Global Economy Prize · 2015
- Franz Josef Strauss Award · 2011
- Order of St. Andrew the Apostle the First-Called · 2011
- German Environmental Prize · 2010
Show all 60 awards →
- Osgar · 2009
- Free Your Mind · 2008
- Dr. Friedrich Joseph Haass-Preis · 2007
- Champions of the Earth · 2006
- Osgar · 2005
- Point Alpha Prize · 2005
- Grammy Award — Best Spoken Word Album for Children · 2004
- honorary doctor of the University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne · 2001
- Order of Honour · 2001
- Grand cross of the Order of the White Lion · 1999
- Grand Cross Special Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany · 1999
- Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres · 1997
- Grand Cross of the Order of Liberty · 1995
- Grawemeyer Awards · 1994
- Harvey Prize · 1992
- honorary citizen of Berlin · 1992
- Albert Einstein Peace Prize · 1990
- honorary doctor of the University of Madrid Complutense · 1990
- Nobel Peace Prize · 1990
- Financial Times Person of the Year · 1989
- Golden Doves — Peace · 1989
- Otto Hahn Peace Medal · 1989
- Princess of Asturias Award — International Cooperation · 1989
- Indira Gandhi Peace Prize · 1987
- Financial Times Person of the Year · 1985
- Jubilee Medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" · 1985
- Medal "In Commemoration of the 1500th Anniversary of Kyiv" · 1982
- Order of Lenin · 1981
- Medal "For Strengthening of Brotherhood in Arms" · 1980
- Order of the October Revolution · 1978
- Order of Lenin · 1973
- Order of Lenin · 1971
- Order of the Badge of Honour · 1966
- Medal "For Labour Valour" · 1957
- Order of the Red Banner of Labour · 1949
- Acqui Award of History
- Alexander Men Prize
- Collar of the Order of the White Lion
- Delta Prize — Global Understanding
- Golden Plate Award
- Grammy Awards
- Honorary doctor of the University of Liège
- honorary doctor of the University of Münster
- honorary doctor of the University of Tromso
- Marion Dönhoff Award
- North–South Prize
- Order of Christopher Columbus
- Order of Liberty
- Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
- Order of Saint Agatha
- Order of the White Lion
- Ordre des Arts et des Lettres
- Philadelphia Liberty Medal
- Princess of Asturias Awards
- Ronald Reagan Freedom Award
Filmography32 titles
JFK Assassination: A New Perspective
Chernobyl: Inside the Meltdown
Russia 1985-1999: TraumaZone
In the Grip of Gazprom
Tiananmen: The People Versus the Party
The Last Days of the USSR
Reagan
Gorbachev. Heaven
The Way I See It
The Untold History of the United States
Zero Hour
The Abyss
Chernobyl: The Lost Tapes
Zero Days
The Soviet Story
History 101
Stalin and the Katyn Massacre
The 11th Hour
Freedom's Fury
The Man Who Defied Beijing
Meeting Gorbachev
Free to Rock
Putin's Witnesses
The Russian Woodpecker
41
Bully. Coward. Victim. The Story of Roy Cohn
AUM: The Cult at the End of the World
The Long Breakup
Oscar Arias: Without a Shot Fired
First Ladies
The Secret KGB JFK Assassination Files
The Art of Dissent